References

Step 1
  1. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. (1992). Pressure Ulcers in Adults: Prediction and Prevention. Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians No. 3.
  2. Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Nursing Home Compare. National averages for each quality measure are listed on report cards for individual facilities. Accessed 3/18/04.
  3. National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. Pressure Ulcers in America: Prevalence, Incidence, and Implications for the Future. Accessed 3/18/04.
  4. LUMETRA. (2003). Collaborative framework—Pressure Ulcer Management. In Pressure Ulcer Management Nursing Home Handbook. Accessed 2/14/04.
  5. Bates-Jensen, B.M. (2001). Quality Indicators for Prevention and Management of Pressure Ulcers in Vulnerable Elders. Annals of Internal Medicine, 135(8) Part 2: 744-751.
  6. Bates-Jensen BM, Cadogan M, Osterweil D, Levy-Storms L, Jorge J, Al-Samarrai N, Grbic V, and Schnelle JF. The Minimum Data Set Pressure Ulcer Indicator: Does it Reflect Differences in Care Processes Related to Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Treatment in Nursing Homes? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51:1203-1212.
  7. Bates-Jensen BM, Cadogan M, Jorge J, and Schnelle JF. (2003). Standardized Quality Assessment System to Evaluate Pressure Ulcer Care in the Nursing Home. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51: 1194-1202.
  8. RAND. Developing Quality of Care Indicators for the Vulnerable Elderly. Accessed 3/18/04.
Step 2
  1. LUMETRA. (2003). Collaborative framework—Pressure Ulcer Management. In Pressure Ulcer Management Nursing Home Handbook. Accessed 2/14/04 at www.lumetra.com/nursinghomes/doc/PU_Framework_APR13.doc.
  2. Xakellis GC, Frantz RA, Lewis A, Harvey P. (2001). Translating Pressure Ulcer Guidelines into Practice: It’s Harder than It Sounds. Advances in Skin & Wound Care; 14(5):249-256,258.
  3. Goebel RH, Goebel MR. (1999). Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pressure Ulcer Prevention Can Prevent Malpractice Lawsuits in Older Patients. Journal of Wound Ostomy Continence Nursing. Jul; 26(4):175-84.
  4. C Harrington, C Kovner, M Mezey, J Kayser-Jones, S Burger, M Mohler, R Burke, and D Zimmerman (2000). Experts Recommend Minimum Nurse Staffing Standards for Nursing Facilities in the United States. Gerontologist; 40:5-16
  5. Folkedahl BA, Frantz R. (2002). Prevention of Pressure Ulcers. Iowa City (IA): University of Iowa Gerontological Nursing Interventions Research Center, Research Dissemination Core. Accessed 3/18/04 at http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=3458.
  6. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. (1992). Pressure Ulcers in Adults: Prediction and Prevention. Clinical Practice Guideline No. 3. Accessed 2/15/04.
  7. Bates-Jensen BM, Cadogan M, Jorge J, and Schnelle JF. (2003). Standardized Quality Assessment System to Evaluate Pressure Ulcer Care in the Nursing Home. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51: 1194-1202.
  8. Saliba D, Rubenstein LV, Simon B, Hickey E, Ferrell B, Czarnowski E, and Berlowitz D. (2002). Adherence to Pressure Ulcer Prevention Guidelines: Implications for Nursing Home Quality. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society; 51(1):56-62.
  9. Braden BJ and Bergstrom N. (1994). Predictive Validity of the Braden Scale for Pressure Sore Risk in a Nursing Home Population. Res Nurs & Health; 17:459-470.
  10. Bates-Jensen BM, Cadogan M, Osterweil D, Levy-Storms L, Jorge J, Al-Samarrai N, Grbic V, and Schnelle JF. (2003).The Minimum Data Set Pressure Ulcer Indicator: Does it Reflect Differences in Care Processes Related to Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Treatment in Nursing Homes? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51:1203-1212.
  11. Schnelle JF, Bates-Jensen BM, Levy-Storms L, Grbic V, Yoshii J, Cadogan M, and Simmons SF. (2004). The Minimum Data Set Prevalence of Restraint Quality Indicator: Does it Reflect Differences in Care? The Gerontologist, 44(2):245-255.
Step 3
  1. Braden BJ and Bergstrom N. (1994). Predictive Validity of the Braden Scale for Pressure Sore Risk in a Nursing Home Population. Res Nurs & Health; 17:459-470.
  2. Bates-Jensen BM, Cadogan M, Osterweil D, Levy-Storms L, Jorge J, Al-Samarrai N, Grbic V, and Schnelle JF. (2003). The Minimum Data Set Pressure Ulcer Indicator: Does it Reflect Differences in Care Processes Related to Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Treatment in Nursing Homes? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51:1203-1212.
  3. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. (1992). Pressure Ulcers in Adults: Prediction and Prevention. Clinical Practice Guideline No. 3. Accessed 2/15/04.
  4. Bates-Jensen BM, Simmons SF, Alessi C, and Schnelle JF. (2005). Evaluating the accuracy of the Minimum Data Set bed mobility ratings against independent performance assessments: Systematic error and directions for improvement. The Gerontologist, 45(6):731-738.
  5. RAND. Developing Quality of Care Indicators for the Vulnerable Elderly. Accessed 3/18/04.

Step 4
  1. Bates-Jensen BM, Cadogan M, Jorge J, and Schnelle JF. (2003). A Standardized Quality Assessment System to Evaluate Pressure Ulcer Care in the Nursing Home. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51: 1194-1202.
  2. National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. PUSH Tool Information and Registration Form. Accessed 4/07/04.
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